Wall structure



Dec. 15, 1925- W. A. WELLS WALL STRUCTURE 2 Sheets- Shoot 1 Filed July 1'7, 1923 941mm Wi/Uamfl. Wel/s Dec. 15, 1925- 1,565,537 w. A. WELLS Patented Dec. 15, 1925 UNITED STATES WILLIAM A. WELLS, OF SPOKANE, WASHINGTON.

WALL STRUCTURE.

Application filed July 17) 192% Serial Io. 852,025.

To all whom it may amwern:

Be 'it known that 1, WILLIAM A. WELLS, a citizen of the United fitates, residing at Spokane, in Spokane County, and State of Washington, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in -Wall Structures,of which the following is a s ecification'.

My present invention re ates to improvements 1n wall structures of that type built up of solid, angular, blocks, which are interlocked and retained in position within the structure by the interlocking members. The

primary object of the. invention is the provision of a set of blocks of this type that i are comparatively inexpensive in cost of production and which may be laid in courses by unskilled labor to'form strong, durable and well braced wall structures or dwellings and other buildin s. By the utillzation of my invention wa ls may quickly and accurately be erected to form permanent structures and provided with airspaces for insulationagainst the transmission of heat and moisture, thus insuring a dry and sanitary building adapted for either warm or cold climates.

"In carrying out my invention I utilize a specially formed and manufactured set of blocks which may approximate in size the 0 standard bricks now in use, and the blocks are adapted for the erection of double wall structures with a single air space between, them as well as for double wall structures with an intermediate partition and double s air space.

The invention consists essentially in certain novel features of construction in the blocks and in novel combinations and arrangements of the blocks to insure a well ,0 braced, strong, and durable'wall structure, as will hereinafter" be more fully described and claimed.v

In the a'ccom anying drawings I have illustrated three onus of wall structure built l5 or erected from the blocks: in which the cks are combined and arranged according to the best modes I have so far devised for the practical application of the principles of my invention.

gure 1 is a perspective view of one of the wall blocks.

Figure 4 is a perspective view showing a portion of a double wall structure with a single air space between, and illustrating the use of the tie blocks.

Figure 5 is a erspective view showing the use of the tie b ock of Fig. 2 where a comparatively wider air space is required.

Figure 6 is a view 'showin the manner of erecting a wall structure with double air space.

The blocks are preferably made up of concrete material in rectangular, oblong form or shape, and the wall blocks 1 approximate the standard building bricks in dimensions in order that they may be conveniently handled'and laid in courses similar to the manner of laying bricks. The wall blocks are all of similar structure, but some of them may be provided with finished surfaces to form the exterior face of a building wall, while the interior faces of the interior shells of a double wall are adapted to receive mortar or plaster as usual.

Each wall block as shown in Figure 1 is rovided with atop, longitudinally extendlng, centrally located rib 2 preferably rounded on its exterior surface, which merges into a vertically extendin rib 3 at one end of the block, also centra y located. At its opposite end the block is fashioned with a complementary vertically extending groove 4, while the underside of the block is fashloned with a' rounded groove 5 extending lon itudinally thereof and complementary to t e longitudinal rib 2 at the top of the block. The wall blocks are molded or otherwise fashioned in identical molds and are therefore of identical formation and adapted to be laid in courses as A and B in Figure 4 with the ribs fitted intheir complementary grooves and extending longitudinally of the courses. Y

The tie block 6' of Fig. 3, which is adapted for use in the sin is alr-space structure of Fig ure 4 and the ouble a1r-space structure 1g. 6 is disposed transversely of the wall Q 1,565,537. structure and interposed between ad oining the complementary rib 12 of block 11". The

- and bottoms.

- nated as 11 and. .11 I laid on the latter intermedia wall'blocks of each course. Thus t e butt end of the transverse tie block occurs at regular intervals throughout the length of r the courses to break the monotony that would otherwise exist in the appearance of the wall structure.

The tie blocks are of suitable size with their depth corresponding to the height of the wall blocks, and as seen in Fig. 3 each tie block 6 has near its ends a transverse top rib as 7, 7 which merges into a vertical rib 8 extending down one side of the tie block. And the remaining two sides of the block are fashioned with complementary grooves 9 and 10, the latter being formed across the under face of the block. An inspection of =Fig. 4 will show that the ribs 2 of the wall blocks and ribs 7, 7 of the tie blocks are alined in the wall structure and the ooves 5 of the Wall blocks are alined with the grooves 10 of the tie blocks. In this manner the courses of blocks are joined and locked against lateral movement. The end ribs 3 and and grooves 4 of the wall blocks are adapted to interlock with the end grooves 9 and end ribs 8 of the tie blocks to brace and hold the inner and outer shells at and B of the wall structure.

In the erection of the single air-space structure of Fig. 4 and the double air-space structure of Fig. 6 a suitable foundation is be 1 ft of course tie'blocks In Fi 6 three shells are shown as an inner shell 5, an intermediate partition D and an outer shell E between which are provided two air spaces adapting the wall structure for certaln uses.

In the structure of Fig. 5 two shells A and B are erected in courses from the wall blocks 1, and the modified form of tie block 11 is introduced for use, in pairs, one block of the pair being inter osed in the inner shell and the other bloc of thepair bein interposed in the outer shell of the wall structure.

In Fig. 2 it will be seen that the tie blocks 11 are provided with top ribs 12 12 and side ribs 13 13 near their ends, and with complementary grooves 14 and 15 in their sides Intermediate ribs 16 and 17 are also fashioned on these blocks and complementary grooves 18 and 19 are provided in the remaining faces of the blocks. Thus in Fig. 5 two of these tie blocks are desiglespectively the former with its end interposed. between the course in shell A and the lock 11" with one end interposed in the course of the shell B. Within the air space these tie blocks la and the intermediate top rib of the blood 11' fits within the complementary groove 15 of the block 11, while the tegroove 19 of block 11 fits over provided and the wall blocks and are laid in courses as indicated g manner that ordinary brick is he blocks are thus locked together and their remote ends are locked in the respective shells A and B of the wall structure.

In Figure 5 the tie blocks 11 and 11 at their ad acent portions are indicated as having been dipped in a water-proofing material such as asphaltum to form a coating or film thereon which prevents transmission of moisture from one wall section or shell to the other. A bonding material such as plastic asphaltum may be applied by a brush to the contacting surfaces of the adjoining blocks before they are laid in the wall which material also renders the joints air tightand waterproof to prevent penetration of mois ture through the wall.

he air spaces between the wall sections or shells may be filled with cinders to pro- 'vide an insulated structure, or the spaces may be filled with concrete or similar material for bonding the sections to provide a substantial monolithic structure. In the erection of fruit storage or ware houses the walls may be made frost-proof by the use of a filling of shavings, groun'd cork or other well known insulatin material. In some instances the spaces tween the sections may be filled with suitable material, or where the double air-space or a plurality of air-spaces are used one of the s aces may .e open as an air space, whi e another is filled with the material mentioned.

Whether the spaces are filled with such material or left open, it will be apparent that a strong, durable and substantial wall structure is provided and economy in erec-' tion is secured because of the substitution of cheaper material when a and when a filler is not used a further reduction in cost is attained.

The blocks may be molded from plastic material as concrete or fashioned as a clay product and burned in a kiln in the same reduced. The blocks may be produced in stan and sizes as desired.

'Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- 1. In a wall structure a pair of parallel courses laid in courses and comprising superposed blocks having complementary grooves and ribs on opposite horizontal faces and complementary ribs and grooves on opposite ends, and rectangular tie blocks connecting said sections, each said tie block having near its ends a pair of lateral ribs on two adjoining facesand a pair of lateral grooves on the other two adpiningfaoes, said ribs and grooves at the respective ends of the tie blocks be in the same transverseplane Kid lapping tie bloc superposed blocks, said blocks having comlateral ribs on two adjoining faces and a plemcntal'y grooves and ribs on opposite pair of lateral grooves on the other two horizontal faces and com lementary ribs adjoining faces, for interlocking as de- 10 and grooves on opposite en 5, a pair of overscribed. v

s connecting said sections, In testimony whereof I afiix my signature. each said tie block having near its respective 1 ends and intermediate thereof a pair of WILLIAM --A. WELLS. 

